Wanna do it? call Aamir 0300-4219025
Style Take Productions Productions presents you a Golden chance to become a Rock Star.We offer you classes for singing and audio/video recordings.
If you are so much sincer about your musical carrer so what are you waiting for?
Style Take Productions giving you a chance to grow faster,we have trained and professional Singers and vocalists they will guied you from the core of their hearts and soul.If your singing voice is at 50% or 20% we gonna teach you to take your vocal at 100% to fullfil your future dreams under special observations of Style Take Productions.
Jessy Singh Lauel Puriya
Aneer Sagar
Our gole and mission is to take our Pakistani Musical industry at height by promoting new talent new thoughts inthe new era.We provide you all in one Style Take Productions to take you at the level you want so do'nt waste your precious time to become a Super Star.
Any new product that comes into the market must be identified and classified.That’s because people need to know exactly what it is and what it will do for them before they will be willing to purchase it. Although it may not seem like it to you, the music you make is just such a product. Make sure you have a handle on what genre – or genres – it will fall into. Then market it to radio stations and clubs that specialize in that type of music. Networking, above all other skills, is what you need these days to introduce the world to your work.However, that means that the burden now falls squarely on your shoulders to tout your unique musical message to the world.
There are so many Talented people among us in many famous cities and all over the Pakistan the main cities marked for the talented people are Lahore,Karachi,Islamabad,Faisalabad,A number of the people have ability to sing and can give goosebumps to the crowed but are facing horrible financial circumstances and those people has stoped dreaming just because of the fiancial reasons.Style Take has been working for sixteen years inthe showbiz and in the advertisings now we have just started Style Take Productions House.
If you are intrested to record your personal Music Album then get your self in touch with ST Productions House our company will promote you as a proper singer.
Style Take Productions will invest 50% in your all audio/video projects so stay in touch with us.
Creative services team and track record of unparalleled client satisfaction.Professional,creative,and 100% reliable,Style Take Productions provides one stop shopping for all your video production and post-production needs.Style Take Productions uses its diverse roster of all-star talent, creative experience, and production expertise to transform ideas into persuasive motion pictures.From our first meeting through completion of the project,Style Take Productions collaborates with you as a creative partner.Your video is brought to life by a team of accomplished professionals, completely aligned behind a single vision.If you’ve worked with us previously,you know our passion is infectious. Not the bad kind of infectious,It’s that same passion that helps us blow past technical boundaries and overcome creative hurdles.We look at every new project as a chance to grow, to challenge ourselves, to give our clients more than they ask for, and to push the boundaries of what’s possible in video and audio productions services and beyond.A corporate video or a making-of documentary is ready to do it, and do it better than it’s ever been done before.we pride ourselves on surpassing expectations on every project.Our main goal is to nurture long-term mutually beneficial relationships with our clients based on trust, collaboration, and creative ambition.Experience has proven that if we provide an outstanding service at an affordable price, our clients will stick with us for the long term.we will record your audio and video the full song track of songs are managed by our experienced staff which are professionally trained for photography movie making,make up,styling and to give you a proper look for your Music videos.
Aamir Samuel is our main video director who've been directed countless videos for the showbiz,music video and movies.
Style Take Productions is a platform for the new talented generation to acheive heights and everything they want in their lives so put a step forward to future and show the world that who are you?
we offer classe for Rap,Jazz,classical,ghazal,hipHop,Bollywood and folk music.
We have well trained staf to guide you for the 100% assurence of your success.
So you do'nt need to worry about your recordings and videos ST Productions is here to manage your dreams to make them true in the real authentic way.
Want to learn singing/music?
Music is like a food to soul the people who want to become singer is not like to be famous just only want to express their thoughts and feelings by poetry because poetry is an art to explain things so learing music or singing is not for wealth its just an explaination of our feelings to tell someone that what do you actually feel for the person you love so much.
And it is only possible when you would develop the strong determination to do it without determinations nothing can be performed by anyOne so keep yourSelf determined not just for music for everything.
Wanna become singer?
Singers like RockStars,Rapers and Qawals are counted as a Proudful icon for every nation not just in Pakistan,musical industry is growing day by day for the sake of more entertainment for more talent and to grow up more to symbollize their country people.
So do'nt get shy if you can sing?
You could be the next Voice of Pakistan if you really want that tittle in your life to make history.
History of Music
The Traditional Classical Music of South Asia has always been the primary medium of emotional expression and communication for people living in this part of the world and historically has been the original and primary language of emotive interaction. It has played the single largest role in our artistic and emotional lives. Classical music is an essential part of our heritage and a specific formative factor in our cultural and emotional identity as a people. The purpose of the Style Take Productions of Musicology is to produce musicians,singers and musicologists who are willing to take on the responsibility of pursing both theoretical and practical music on a critical and intelligent level to combine it with techniques to create good music. Since musicology at its most fundamental is an inquiry and understanding of the "purpose" of music the Style Take Productions aims at a revival of our musical heritage and to regenerate an interest in our classical music on the basis of a theoretical and practical understanding of music and a historical analysis of its aesthetics and composition.
Aim of the Program
The main objective of Style Take Productions is to rediscover and recreate the link between a meaningful theory and practice of music,the premise being that music becomes true art only when its practice is integrated with serious musicology. The two of them become a cohesive whole, giving rise to a dynamic process of creativity. The program also aims to produce music of the future, based on critical understanding and with the purpose of engendering a rediscovery of our music as a significant instrument, in shaping and developing the sensitivities of our people in the twenty first century.
Objectives
The objective of the programme is to revive the fading charm of the classical music and to earn back the respect and value of a classical music performer. Through this we aim to re-establish a process of rediscovery of links between a meaningful theory and practice of music. The program also aims to produce music of the future, based on critical understanding of vocal and instrumental techniques.
Outcome of the Program
The informed students, instilled with responsibility, will be able to set the standards of good music, which generates a powerful and an enriching emotional state. This will lead to a qualitative growth and development of the emotional and mental world of our people and also enable them to lay guidelines for performers and listeners of our new generation. Music will be uplifted from the levels of purposeless inertia or spontaneous reproduction.
Music is an art form and cultural activity whose medium is sound and silence. The common elements of music are pitch (which governs melody and harmony), rhythm (and its associated concepts tempo, meter, and articulation), dynamics (loudness and softness), and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture (which are sometimes termed the "color" of a musical sound). Different styles or types of music may emphasize, de-emphasize or omit some of these elements. Music is performed with a vast range of instruments and with vocal techniques ranging from singing to rapping, and there are solely instrumental pieces, solely vocal pieces (such as songs without instrumental accompaniment) and pieces that combine singing and instruments. The word derives from Greek mousike art of the Muses In its most general form, the activities describing music as an art form include the production of works of music (songs, tunes, symphonies, and so on), the criticism of music, the study of the history of music, and the aesthetic examination of music. Ancient Greek and Indian philosophers defined music as tones ordered horizontally as melodies and vertically as harmonies. Common sayings such as "the harmony of the spheres" and "it is music to my ears" point to the notion that music is often ordered and pleasant to listen to. However, 20th-century composer John Cage thought that any sound can be music, saying, for example, "There is no noise, only sound.
The creation, performance, significance, and even the definition of music vary according to culture and social context. Indeed, throughout history, some new forms or styles of music have been criticized as "not being music", including Beethoven's Grosse Fuge string quartet in 1825 early jazz in the beginning of the 1900s and hardcore punk in the 1980s.There are many types of music, including popular music, traditional music, art music, music written for religious ceremonies and work songs such as chanteys. Music ranges from strictly organized compositions–such as Classical music symphonies from the 1700s and 1800s, through to spontaneously played improvisational music such as jazz, and avant-garde styles of chance-based contemporary music from 20th and 21st century.
Music can be divided into genres (e.g., country music) and genres can be further divided into subgenres (e.g., country blues and pop country are two of the many country subgenres), although the dividing lines and relationships between music genres are often subtle, sometimes open to personal interpretation, and occasionally controversial. For example, it can be hard to draw the line between some early 1980s hard rock and heavy metal. Within the arts, music may be classified as a performing art, a fine art or as an auditory art. Music may be played or sung and heard live at a rock concert or orchestra performance, heard live as part of a dramatic work (a music theater show or opera), or it may be recorded and listened to on a radio, MP3 player, CD player, Smartphone or as film score or TV show.
In many cultures, music is an important part of people's way of life, as it plays a key role in religious rituals, rite of passage ceremonies (e.g., graduation and marriage), social activities (e.g., dancing) and cultural activities ranging from amateur karaoke singing to playing in an amateur funk band or singing in a community choir. People may make music as a hobby, for example, a teen who plays cello in a youth orchestra, or by working as a professional musician or singer. The music industry includes the individuals who create new songs and musical pieces, such as songwriters and composers; individuals who perform music, which include orchestra, jazz band and rock band musicians, singers and conductors; individuals who record music (music producers and sound engineers) and organize concert tours; and those who sell recordings and sheet music to customers.
Music is composed and performed for many purposes, ranging from aesthetic pleasure, religious or ceremonial purposes, or as an entertainment product for the marketplace. When music was only available through sheet music scores, such as during the Classical and Romantic eras, music lovers would buy the sheet music of their favourite pieces and songs so that they could perform them at home on the piano. With the advent of sound recording, records of popular songs, rather than sheet music became the dominant way that music lovers would enjoy their favourite songs. With the advent of home tape recorders in the 1980s and digital music in the 1990s, music lovers could make tapes or playlists of their favourite songs and take them with them on a portable cassette player or MP3 player. Some music lovers create mix tapes of their favorite songs, which serve as a "self-portrait, a gesture of friendship, prescription for an ideal party... and an environment consisting solely of what is most ardently loved.
Amateur musicians compose and/or perform music for their own pleasure, and derive their income elsewhere. Professional musicians are employed by a range of institutions and organisations.Professional musicians sometimes work as freelancers or session musicians, seeking contracts and engagements in a variety of settings. There are often many links between amateur and professional musicians. Beginning amateur musicians take lessons with professional musicians. In community settings, advanced amateur musicians perform with professional musicians in a variety of ensembles such as community concert bands and community orchestras.
A distinction is often made between music performed for a live audience and music that is performed in a studio so that it can be recorded and distributed through the music retail system or the broadcasting system. However, there are also many cases where a live performance in front of an audience is also recorded and distributed. Live concert recordings are popular in both classical music and in popular music forms such as rock, where illegally taped live concerts are prized by music lovers. In the jam band scene, live, improvised jam sessions are preferred to studio recordings.
"Composition" is the act or practice of creating a song or other piece of music. In many cultures, including Western classical music, the act of composing also includes the creation of music notation, such as a sheet music "score", which is then performed by the composer or other singers or musicians. In popular music and traditional music, the act of composing, which is typically called songwriting, may involve the creation of a basic outline of the song, called the lead sheet, which sets out the melody, lyrics and chord progression. In classical music, the composer typically orchestrates her own compositions, but in musical theatre and in pop music, songwriters may hire an arranger to do the orchestration. In some cases, a songwriter may not use notation at all, and instead compose the song in her mind and then play or record it from memory. In jazz and popular music, notable recordings by influential performers are given the weight that written scores play in classical music.
Even when music is notated relatively precisely, as in classical music, there are many decisions that a performer has to make, because notation does not specify all of the elements of music precisely. The process of deciding how to perform music that has been previously composed and notated is termed "interpretation". Different performers' interpretations of the same work of music can vary widely, in terms of the tempos that are chosen and the playing or singing style or phrasing of the melodies. Composers and songwriters who present their own music are interpreting their songs, just as much as those who perform the music of others. The standard body of choices and techniques present at a given time and a given place is referred to as performance practice, whereas interpretation is generally used to mean the individual choices of a performer.
Although a musical composition often uses musical notation and has a single author, this is not always the case. A work of music can have multiple composers, which often occurs in popular music when a band collaborates to write a song, or in musical theatre, when one person writes the melodies, a second person writes the lyrics, and a third person orchestrates the songs. A piece of music can also be composed with words, images, or computer programs that explain or notate how the singer or musician should create musical sounds. Examples range from avant-garde music that uses graphic notation, to text compositions such as Aus den sieben Tagen, to computer programs that select sounds for musical pieces. Music that makes heavy use of randomness and chance is called aleatoric music, and is associated with contemporary composers active in the 20th century, such as John Cage, Morton Feldman, and Witold Lutosławski. A more commonly known example of chance-based music is the sound of wind chimes jingling in a breeze.
The study of composition has traditionally been dominated by examination of methods and practice of Western classical music, but the definition of composition is broad enough the creation of popular music and traditional music songs and instrumental pieces and to include spontaneously improvised works like those of free jazz performers and African percussionists such as Ewe drummers.
In the 2000s, music notation typically means the written expression of music notes and rhythms on paper using symbols. When music is written down, the pitches and rhythm of the music, such as the notes of a melody, are notated. Music notation also often provides instructions on how to perform the music. For example, the sheet music for a song may state that the song is a "slow blues" or a "fast swing", which indicates the tempo and the genre. To read music notation, a person must have an understanding of music theory, harmony and the performance practice associated with a particular song or piece's genre.
Written notation varies with style and period of music. In the 2000s, notated music is produced as sheet music or, for individuals with computer scorewriter programs, as an image on a computer screen. In ancient times, music notation was put onto stone or clay tablets. To perform music from notation, a singer or instrumentalist requires an understanding of the rhythmic and pitch elements embodied in the symbols and the performance practice that is associated with a piece of music or a genre. In genres requiring musical improvisation, the performer often plays from music where only the chord changes and form of the song are written, requiring the performer to have a great understanding of the music's structure, harmony and the styles of a particular genre (e.g., jazz or country music).
In Western art music, the most common types of written notation are scores, which include all the music parts of an ensemble piece, and parts, which are the music notation for the individual performers or singers. In popular music, jazz, and blues, the standard musical notation is the lead sheet, which notates the melody, chords, lyrics (if it is a vocal piece), and structure of the music. Fake books are also used in jazz; they may consist of lead sheets or simply chord charts, which permit rhythm section members to improvise an accompaniment part to jazz songs. Scores and parts are also used in popular music and jazz, particularly in large ensembles such as jazz "big bands." In popular music, guitarists and electric bass players often read music notated in tablature (often abbreviated as "tab"), which indicates the location of the notes to be played on the instrument using a diagram of the guitar or bass fingerboard. Tabulature was also used in the Baroque era to notate music for the lute, a stringed, fretted instrument.
Music theory encompasses the nature and mechanics of music. It often involves identifying patterns that govern composers' techniques and examining the language and notation of music. In a grand sense, music theory distills and analyzes the parameters or elements of music – rhythm, harmony (harmonic function), melody, structure, form, and texture. Broadly, music theory may include any statement, belief, or conception of or about music.People who study these properties are known as music theorists. Some have applied acoustics, human physiology, and psychology to the explanation of how and why music is perceived.
Harmony refers to the "vertical" sounds of pitches in music, which means pitches that played or sung together at the same time to create a chord. Usually this means the notes are played at the same time, although harmony may also be implied by a melody that outlines a harmonic structure (i.e., by using melody notes that are played one after the other, outlining the notes of a chord). In music written using the system of major-minor tonality ("keys"), which includes most classical music written from 1600 to 1900 and most Western pop, rock and traditional music, the key of a piece determines the scale used, which centres around the "home note" or tonic of the key. Simple classical pieces and many pop and traditional music songs are written so that all the music is in a single key. More complex Classical, pop and traditional music songs and pieces may have two keys (and in some cases three or more keys). Classical music from the Romantic era (written from about 1820–1900) often contains multiple keys, as does jazz, especially Bebop jazz from the 1940s, in which the key or "home note" of a song may change every four bars or even every two bars.
Rhythm is the arrangement of sounds and silences in time. Meter animates time in regular pulse groupings, called measures or bars, which in Western classical, popular and traditional music often group notes in sets of two (e.g., 2/4 time), three (e.g., 3/4 time, also known as Waltz time, or 3/8 time), or four (e.g., 4/4 time). Meters are made easier to hear because songs and pieces often (but not always) place an emphasis on the first beat of each grouping. Notable exceptions exist, such as the backbeat used in much Western pop and rock, in which a song that uses a measure that consists of four beats (called 4/4 time or common time) will have accents on beats two and four, which are typically performed by the drummer on the snare drum, a loud and distinctive-sounding percussion instrument. In pop and rock, the rhythm parts of a song are played by the rhythm section, which includes chord-playing instruments (e.g., electric guitar, acoustic guitar, piano, or other keyboard instruments), a bass instrument (typically electric bass or for some styles such as jazz and bluegrass, double bass) and a drum kit player.
Performance is the physical expression of music, which occurs when a song is sung or when a piano piece, electric guitar melody, symphony, drum beat or other musical part is played by musicians. In classical music, a musical work is written in music notation by a composer and then it is performed once the composer is satisfied with its structure and instrumentation. However, as it gets performed, the interpretation of a song or piece can evolve and change. In classical music, instrumental performers, singers or conductors may gradually make changes to the phrasing or tempo of a piece. In popular and traditional music, the performers have a lot more freedom to make changes to the form of a song or piece. As such, in popular and traditional music styles, even when a band plays a cover song, they can make changes to it such as adding a guitar solo to or inserting an introduction.
A performance can either be planned out and rehearsed (practiced)–which is the norm in classical music, with jazz big bands and many popular music styles–or improvised over a chord progression (a sequence of chords), which is the norm in small jazz and blues groups. Rehearsals of orchestras, concert bands and choirs are led by a conductor. Rock, blues and jazz bands are usually led by the bandleader. A rehearsal is a structured repetition of a song or piece by the performers until it can be sung and/or played correctly and, if it is a song or piece for more than one musician, until the parts are together from a rhythmic and tuning perspective. Improvisation is the creation of a musical idea–a melody or other musical line–created on the spot, often based on scales or pre-existing melodic riffs.
Many cultures have strong traditions of solo performance (in which one singer or instrumentalist performs), such as in Indian classical music, and in the Western art-music tradition. Other cultures, such as in Bali, include strong traditions of group performance. All cultures include a mixture of both, and performance may range from improvised solo playing to highly planned and organised performances such as the modern classical concert, religious processions, classical music festivals or music competitions. Chamber music, which is music for a small ensemble with only a few of each type of instrument, is often seen as more intimate than large symphonic works.
Style Take Productions Productions presents you a Golden chance to become a Rock Star.We offer you classes for singing and audio/video recordings.
If you are so much sincer about your musical carrer so what are you waiting for?
Style Take Productions giving you a chance to grow faster,we have trained and professional Singers and vocalists they will guied you from the core of their hearts and soul.If your singing voice is at 50% or 20% we gonna teach you to take your vocal at 100% to fullfil your future dreams under special observations of Style Take Productions.
Jessy Singh Lauel Puriya
Aneer Sagar
Our gole and mission is to take our Pakistani Musical industry at height by promoting new talent new thoughts inthe new era.We provide you all in one Style Take Productions to take you at the level you want so do'nt waste your precious time to become a Super Star.
Any new product that comes into the market must be identified and classified.That’s because people need to know exactly what it is and what it will do for them before they will be willing to purchase it. Although it may not seem like it to you, the music you make is just such a product. Make sure you have a handle on what genre – or genres – it will fall into. Then market it to radio stations and clubs that specialize in that type of music. Networking, above all other skills, is what you need these days to introduce the world to your work.However, that means that the burden now falls squarely on your shoulders to tout your unique musical message to the world.
There are so many Talented people among us in many famous cities and all over the Pakistan the main cities marked for the talented people are Lahore,Karachi,Islamabad,Faisalabad,A number of the people have ability to sing and can give goosebumps to the crowed but are facing horrible financial circumstances and those people has stoped dreaming just because of the fiancial reasons.Style Take has been working for sixteen years inthe showbiz and in the advertisings now we have just started Style Take Productions House.
If you are intrested to record your personal Music Album then get your self in touch with ST Productions House our company will promote you as a proper singer.
Style Take Productions will invest 50% in your all audio/video projects so stay in touch with us.
Creative services team and track record of unparalleled client satisfaction.Professional,creative,and 100% reliable,Style Take Productions provides one stop shopping for all your video production and post-production needs.Style Take Productions uses its diverse roster of all-star talent, creative experience, and production expertise to transform ideas into persuasive motion pictures.From our first meeting through completion of the project,Style Take Productions collaborates with you as a creative partner.Your video is brought to life by a team of accomplished professionals, completely aligned behind a single vision.If you’ve worked with us previously,you know our passion is infectious. Not the bad kind of infectious,It’s that same passion that helps us blow past technical boundaries and overcome creative hurdles.We look at every new project as a chance to grow, to challenge ourselves, to give our clients more than they ask for, and to push the boundaries of what’s possible in video and audio productions services and beyond.A corporate video or a making-of documentary is ready to do it, and do it better than it’s ever been done before.we pride ourselves on surpassing expectations on every project.Our main goal is to nurture long-term mutually beneficial relationships with our clients based on trust, collaboration, and creative ambition.Experience has proven that if we provide an outstanding service at an affordable price, our clients will stick with us for the long term.we will record your audio and video the full song track of songs are managed by our experienced staff which are professionally trained for photography movie making,make up,styling and to give you a proper look for your Music videos.
Aamir Samuel is our main video director who've been directed countless videos for the showbiz,music video and movies.
Style Take Productions is a platform for the new talented generation to acheive heights and everything they want in their lives so put a step forward to future and show the world that who are you?
we offer classe for Rap,Jazz,classical,ghazal,hipHop,Bollywood and folk music.
We have well trained staf to guide you for the 100% assurence of your success.
So you do'nt need to worry about your recordings and videos ST Productions is here to manage your dreams to make them true in the real authentic way.
Want to learn singing/music?
Music is like a food to soul the people who want to become singer is not like to be famous just only want to express their thoughts and feelings by poetry because poetry is an art to explain things so learing music or singing is not for wealth its just an explaination of our feelings to tell someone that what do you actually feel for the person you love so much.
And it is only possible when you would develop the strong determination to do it without determinations nothing can be performed by anyOne so keep yourSelf determined not just for music for everything.
Wanna become singer?
Singers like RockStars,Rapers and Qawals are counted as a Proudful icon for every nation not just in Pakistan,musical industry is growing day by day for the sake of more entertainment for more talent and to grow up more to symbollize their country people.
So do'nt get shy if you can sing?
You could be the next Voice of Pakistan if you really want that tittle in your life to make history.
History of Music
The Traditional Classical Music of South Asia has always been the primary medium of emotional expression and communication for people living in this part of the world and historically has been the original and primary language of emotive interaction. It has played the single largest role in our artistic and emotional lives. Classical music is an essential part of our heritage and a specific formative factor in our cultural and emotional identity as a people. The purpose of the Style Take Productions of Musicology is to produce musicians,singers and musicologists who are willing to take on the responsibility of pursing both theoretical and practical music on a critical and intelligent level to combine it with techniques to create good music. Since musicology at its most fundamental is an inquiry and understanding of the "purpose" of music the Style Take Productions aims at a revival of our musical heritage and to regenerate an interest in our classical music on the basis of a theoretical and practical understanding of music and a historical analysis of its aesthetics and composition.
Aim of the Program
The main objective of Style Take Productions is to rediscover and recreate the link between a meaningful theory and practice of music,the premise being that music becomes true art only when its practice is integrated with serious musicology. The two of them become a cohesive whole, giving rise to a dynamic process of creativity. The program also aims to produce music of the future, based on critical understanding and with the purpose of engendering a rediscovery of our music as a significant instrument, in shaping and developing the sensitivities of our people in the twenty first century.
Objectives
The objective of the programme is to revive the fading charm of the classical music and to earn back the respect and value of a classical music performer. Through this we aim to re-establish a process of rediscovery of links between a meaningful theory and practice of music. The program also aims to produce music of the future, based on critical understanding of vocal and instrumental techniques.
Outcome of the Program
The informed students, instilled with responsibility, will be able to set the standards of good music, which generates a powerful and an enriching emotional state. This will lead to a qualitative growth and development of the emotional and mental world of our people and also enable them to lay guidelines for performers and listeners of our new generation. Music will be uplifted from the levels of purposeless inertia or spontaneous reproduction.
Music is an art form and cultural activity whose medium is sound and silence. The common elements of music are pitch (which governs melody and harmony), rhythm (and its associated concepts tempo, meter, and articulation), dynamics (loudness and softness), and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture (which are sometimes termed the "color" of a musical sound). Different styles or types of music may emphasize, de-emphasize or omit some of these elements. Music is performed with a vast range of instruments and with vocal techniques ranging from singing to rapping, and there are solely instrumental pieces, solely vocal pieces (such as songs without instrumental accompaniment) and pieces that combine singing and instruments. The word derives from Greek mousike art of the Muses In its most general form, the activities describing music as an art form include the production of works of music (songs, tunes, symphonies, and so on), the criticism of music, the study of the history of music, and the aesthetic examination of music. Ancient Greek and Indian philosophers defined music as tones ordered horizontally as melodies and vertically as harmonies. Common sayings such as "the harmony of the spheres" and "it is music to my ears" point to the notion that music is often ordered and pleasant to listen to. However, 20th-century composer John Cage thought that any sound can be music, saying, for example, "There is no noise, only sound.
The creation, performance, significance, and even the definition of music vary according to culture and social context. Indeed, throughout history, some new forms or styles of music have been criticized as "not being music", including Beethoven's Grosse Fuge string quartet in 1825 early jazz in the beginning of the 1900s and hardcore punk in the 1980s.There are many types of music, including popular music, traditional music, art music, music written for religious ceremonies and work songs such as chanteys. Music ranges from strictly organized compositions–such as Classical music symphonies from the 1700s and 1800s, through to spontaneously played improvisational music such as jazz, and avant-garde styles of chance-based contemporary music from 20th and 21st century.
Music can be divided into genres (e.g., country music) and genres can be further divided into subgenres (e.g., country blues and pop country are two of the many country subgenres), although the dividing lines and relationships between music genres are often subtle, sometimes open to personal interpretation, and occasionally controversial. For example, it can be hard to draw the line between some early 1980s hard rock and heavy metal. Within the arts, music may be classified as a performing art, a fine art or as an auditory art. Music may be played or sung and heard live at a rock concert or orchestra performance, heard live as part of a dramatic work (a music theater show or opera), or it may be recorded and listened to on a radio, MP3 player, CD player, Smartphone or as film score or TV show.
In many cultures, music is an important part of people's way of life, as it plays a key role in religious rituals, rite of passage ceremonies (e.g., graduation and marriage), social activities (e.g., dancing) and cultural activities ranging from amateur karaoke singing to playing in an amateur funk band or singing in a community choir. People may make music as a hobby, for example, a teen who plays cello in a youth orchestra, or by working as a professional musician or singer. The music industry includes the individuals who create new songs and musical pieces, such as songwriters and composers; individuals who perform music, which include orchestra, jazz band and rock band musicians, singers and conductors; individuals who record music (music producers and sound engineers) and organize concert tours; and those who sell recordings and sheet music to customers.
Music is composed and performed for many purposes, ranging from aesthetic pleasure, religious or ceremonial purposes, or as an entertainment product for the marketplace. When music was only available through sheet music scores, such as during the Classical and Romantic eras, music lovers would buy the sheet music of their favourite pieces and songs so that they could perform them at home on the piano. With the advent of sound recording, records of popular songs, rather than sheet music became the dominant way that music lovers would enjoy their favourite songs. With the advent of home tape recorders in the 1980s and digital music in the 1990s, music lovers could make tapes or playlists of their favourite songs and take them with them on a portable cassette player or MP3 player. Some music lovers create mix tapes of their favorite songs, which serve as a "self-portrait, a gesture of friendship, prescription for an ideal party... and an environment consisting solely of what is most ardently loved.
Amateur musicians compose and/or perform music for their own pleasure, and derive their income elsewhere. Professional musicians are employed by a range of institutions and organisations.Professional musicians sometimes work as freelancers or session musicians, seeking contracts and engagements in a variety of settings. There are often many links between amateur and professional musicians. Beginning amateur musicians take lessons with professional musicians. In community settings, advanced amateur musicians perform with professional musicians in a variety of ensembles such as community concert bands and community orchestras.
A distinction is often made between music performed for a live audience and music that is performed in a studio so that it can be recorded and distributed through the music retail system or the broadcasting system. However, there are also many cases where a live performance in front of an audience is also recorded and distributed. Live concert recordings are popular in both classical music and in popular music forms such as rock, where illegally taped live concerts are prized by music lovers. In the jam band scene, live, improvised jam sessions are preferred to studio recordings.
"Composition" is the act or practice of creating a song or other piece of music. In many cultures, including Western classical music, the act of composing also includes the creation of music notation, such as a sheet music "score", which is then performed by the composer or other singers or musicians. In popular music and traditional music, the act of composing, which is typically called songwriting, may involve the creation of a basic outline of the song, called the lead sheet, which sets out the melody, lyrics and chord progression. In classical music, the composer typically orchestrates her own compositions, but in musical theatre and in pop music, songwriters may hire an arranger to do the orchestration. In some cases, a songwriter may not use notation at all, and instead compose the song in her mind and then play or record it from memory. In jazz and popular music, notable recordings by influential performers are given the weight that written scores play in classical music.
Even when music is notated relatively precisely, as in classical music, there are many decisions that a performer has to make, because notation does not specify all of the elements of music precisely. The process of deciding how to perform music that has been previously composed and notated is termed "interpretation". Different performers' interpretations of the same work of music can vary widely, in terms of the tempos that are chosen and the playing or singing style or phrasing of the melodies. Composers and songwriters who present their own music are interpreting their songs, just as much as those who perform the music of others. The standard body of choices and techniques present at a given time and a given place is referred to as performance practice, whereas interpretation is generally used to mean the individual choices of a performer.
Although a musical composition often uses musical notation and has a single author, this is not always the case. A work of music can have multiple composers, which often occurs in popular music when a band collaborates to write a song, or in musical theatre, when one person writes the melodies, a second person writes the lyrics, and a third person orchestrates the songs. A piece of music can also be composed with words, images, or computer programs that explain or notate how the singer or musician should create musical sounds. Examples range from avant-garde music that uses graphic notation, to text compositions such as Aus den sieben Tagen, to computer programs that select sounds for musical pieces. Music that makes heavy use of randomness and chance is called aleatoric music, and is associated with contemporary composers active in the 20th century, such as John Cage, Morton Feldman, and Witold Lutosławski. A more commonly known example of chance-based music is the sound of wind chimes jingling in a breeze.
The study of composition has traditionally been dominated by examination of methods and practice of Western classical music, but the definition of composition is broad enough the creation of popular music and traditional music songs and instrumental pieces and to include spontaneously improvised works like those of free jazz performers and African percussionists such as Ewe drummers.
In the 2000s, music notation typically means the written expression of music notes and rhythms on paper using symbols. When music is written down, the pitches and rhythm of the music, such as the notes of a melody, are notated. Music notation also often provides instructions on how to perform the music. For example, the sheet music for a song may state that the song is a "slow blues" or a "fast swing", which indicates the tempo and the genre. To read music notation, a person must have an understanding of music theory, harmony and the performance practice associated with a particular song or piece's genre.
Written notation varies with style and period of music. In the 2000s, notated music is produced as sheet music or, for individuals with computer scorewriter programs, as an image on a computer screen. In ancient times, music notation was put onto stone or clay tablets. To perform music from notation, a singer or instrumentalist requires an understanding of the rhythmic and pitch elements embodied in the symbols and the performance practice that is associated with a piece of music or a genre. In genres requiring musical improvisation, the performer often plays from music where only the chord changes and form of the song are written, requiring the performer to have a great understanding of the music's structure, harmony and the styles of a particular genre (e.g., jazz or country music).
In Western art music, the most common types of written notation are scores, which include all the music parts of an ensemble piece, and parts, which are the music notation for the individual performers or singers. In popular music, jazz, and blues, the standard musical notation is the lead sheet, which notates the melody, chords, lyrics (if it is a vocal piece), and structure of the music. Fake books are also used in jazz; they may consist of lead sheets or simply chord charts, which permit rhythm section members to improvise an accompaniment part to jazz songs. Scores and parts are also used in popular music and jazz, particularly in large ensembles such as jazz "big bands." In popular music, guitarists and electric bass players often read music notated in tablature (often abbreviated as "tab"), which indicates the location of the notes to be played on the instrument using a diagram of the guitar or bass fingerboard. Tabulature was also used in the Baroque era to notate music for the lute, a stringed, fretted instrument.
Music theory encompasses the nature and mechanics of music. It often involves identifying patterns that govern composers' techniques and examining the language and notation of music. In a grand sense, music theory distills and analyzes the parameters or elements of music – rhythm, harmony (harmonic function), melody, structure, form, and texture. Broadly, music theory may include any statement, belief, or conception of or about music.People who study these properties are known as music theorists. Some have applied acoustics, human physiology, and psychology to the explanation of how and why music is perceived.
Harmony refers to the "vertical" sounds of pitches in music, which means pitches that played or sung together at the same time to create a chord. Usually this means the notes are played at the same time, although harmony may also be implied by a melody that outlines a harmonic structure (i.e., by using melody notes that are played one after the other, outlining the notes of a chord). In music written using the system of major-minor tonality ("keys"), which includes most classical music written from 1600 to 1900 and most Western pop, rock and traditional music, the key of a piece determines the scale used, which centres around the "home note" or tonic of the key. Simple classical pieces and many pop and traditional music songs are written so that all the music is in a single key. More complex Classical, pop and traditional music songs and pieces may have two keys (and in some cases three or more keys). Classical music from the Romantic era (written from about 1820–1900) often contains multiple keys, as does jazz, especially Bebop jazz from the 1940s, in which the key or "home note" of a song may change every four bars or even every two bars.
Rhythm is the arrangement of sounds and silences in time. Meter animates time in regular pulse groupings, called measures or bars, which in Western classical, popular and traditional music often group notes in sets of two (e.g., 2/4 time), three (e.g., 3/4 time, also known as Waltz time, or 3/8 time), or four (e.g., 4/4 time). Meters are made easier to hear because songs and pieces often (but not always) place an emphasis on the first beat of each grouping. Notable exceptions exist, such as the backbeat used in much Western pop and rock, in which a song that uses a measure that consists of four beats (called 4/4 time or common time) will have accents on beats two and four, which are typically performed by the drummer on the snare drum, a loud and distinctive-sounding percussion instrument. In pop and rock, the rhythm parts of a song are played by the rhythm section, which includes chord-playing instruments (e.g., electric guitar, acoustic guitar, piano, or other keyboard instruments), a bass instrument (typically electric bass or for some styles such as jazz and bluegrass, double bass) and a drum kit player.
Performance is the physical expression of music, which occurs when a song is sung or when a piano piece, electric guitar melody, symphony, drum beat or other musical part is played by musicians. In classical music, a musical work is written in music notation by a composer and then it is performed once the composer is satisfied with its structure and instrumentation. However, as it gets performed, the interpretation of a song or piece can evolve and change. In classical music, instrumental performers, singers or conductors may gradually make changes to the phrasing or tempo of a piece. In popular and traditional music, the performers have a lot more freedom to make changes to the form of a song or piece. As such, in popular and traditional music styles, even when a band plays a cover song, they can make changes to it such as adding a guitar solo to or inserting an introduction.
A performance can either be planned out and rehearsed (practiced)–which is the norm in classical music, with jazz big bands and many popular music styles–or improvised over a chord progression (a sequence of chords), which is the norm in small jazz and blues groups. Rehearsals of orchestras, concert bands and choirs are led by a conductor. Rock, blues and jazz bands are usually led by the bandleader. A rehearsal is a structured repetition of a song or piece by the performers until it can be sung and/or played correctly and, if it is a song or piece for more than one musician, until the parts are together from a rhythmic and tuning perspective. Improvisation is the creation of a musical idea–a melody or other musical line–created on the spot, often based on scales or pre-existing melodic riffs.
Many cultures have strong traditions of solo performance (in which one singer or instrumentalist performs), such as in Indian classical music, and in the Western art-music tradition. Other cultures, such as in Bali, include strong traditions of group performance. All cultures include a mixture of both, and performance may range from improvised solo playing to highly planned and organised performances such as the modern classical concert, religious processions, classical music festivals or music competitions. Chamber music, which is music for a small ensemble with only a few of each type of instrument, is often seen as more intimate than large symphonic works.
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